Convert Lowercase/Uppercase

Showing multiple methods to convert a string to lowercase or uppercase.

Parameter expansion

# Convert to lowercase 
a='Hello World';echo ${a,,}

# Convert to uppercase 
a='Hello World';echo ${a^^}

awk

# Convert to lowercase
echo 'Hello World' | awk '{print tolower($0)}'

# Convert to uppercase
echo 'Hello World' | awk '{print toupper($0)}'

tr

# Convert to lowercase
echo 'Hello World' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' 

# Convert to uppercase
echo 'Hello World' | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'

sed

# Convert to lowercase
echo 'Hello World' | sed 's/.*/\L&/' 

# Convert to uppercase
echo 'Hello World' | sed 's/.*/\U&/'

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